一周热词 | 第二学士学位、蒙古国尘暴、3·15晚会、延迟退休、义务教育质量评价指南

1. 国家推动第二学士学位教育发展

2. 蒙古国尘暴致10人死亡

3. 央视3·15晚会曝光涉事企业

4. 延迟退休实施原则公布

5. 六部门发布《义务教育质量评价指南》

热词

01

第二学士学位教育

second bachelor's degree education

China's Ministry of Education has issued a notice to improve second bachelor's degree programs in universities.

教育部办公厅近日印发通知要求进一步做好第二学士学位教育有关工作。

Universities should fully harness their educational resources to train interdisciplinary talents, thus providing support for stabilizing employment and enhancing students' employability, said the document.

通知要求各地各高校充分发挥高等教育资源优势，大力培养复合型人才，为稳定就业、增强学生就业能力提供有力支持。

It also made clear that universities are allowed to enroll students across schools for a second bachelor's degree education.

通知明确了高校的第二学士学位可进行跨学校招生。

Also, the ministry will establish a national online platform for universities to release relevant enrollment information.

教育部还将建设国家线上平台，供高校发布招生简章等相关信息。

（英文来源：Xinhua)

Vocabulary:

bachelor /ˈbætʃələ(r)/  n. 未婚男子；单身汉；学士

harness /ˈhɑːnɪs/  n. 马具；挽具；（用于人，起固定或保护作用的）背带，保护带  v. 给（马等）上挽具；用挽具把…套到…上；控制，利用（以产生能量等）

interdisciplinary /ˌɪntəˈdɪsəplɪnəri/  adj. 多学科的；跨学科的

employability / ɪmˌplɔɪəˈbɪləti/  n. 就业能力；[劳经] 受雇就业能力；受聘价值；可雇性

enroll /ɪn'rəʊl/  v. 登记，使加入，把...记入名册；使入伍，参加，登记；注册，记入名册

热词

02

蒙古国尘暴

Mongolia duststorms

Local emergency officials have found 580 of the 590 people, in addition to nine adults and one child dead, who were all reported missing due to duststorms that occurred last weekend in Mongolia, Montsame reports.

据蒙古通讯社报道，上周末蒙古国尘暴天气共致590人失踪，其中580人已被找回，9名成人和1名儿童死亡。

The Chinese capital Beijing was shrouded in thick brown dust on Monday morning as a result of heavy winds blowing in from Inner Mongolia and other parts of northwestern China. The country’s meteorological bureau said it was the “biggest sandstorm” in a decade.

3月15日上午，由于受到内蒙古等中国西北部地区大风天气影响，北京笼罩在漫天黄尘中。 气象局表示，这是10年来我国遭遇强度最强的一次沙尘天气过程。

The China Meteorological Administration announced a yellow alert on Monday morning, saying that the sandstorms had spread from Inner Mongolia into the provinces of Gansu, Shanxi and Hebei, which surrounds Beijing.

中央气象台15日上午发布黄色预警，称沙尘暴已从内蒙古蔓延至北京周边的甘肃、山西和河北。

（英文来源：Daily Bangladesh, Reuters）

Vocabulary:

shroud /ʃraʊd/  n. 裹尸布；寿衣；覆盖物；遮蔽物；v. 覆盖；隐藏；遮蔽；隐瞒；保密

meteorological /ˌmiːtiərəˈlɒdʒɪkl/  气象学的

yellow alert  黄色预警

sandstorms  沙尘暴

热词

03

央视3·15晚会

CCTV 315 Gala

March 15 was World Consumer Rights Day and during the CCTV 315 Gala 2021, they shined a spotlight on many companies for infractions ranging from illegal collection of personal information to online job recruitment violations, sales of weak steel to clenbuterol-tainted mutton.

3月15日是国际消费者权益日，在今年的“3·15晚会”上，曝光了商家滥用人脸识别技术、招聘网站贩卖简历、销售问题钢材、瘦肉精喂羊等市场乱象。

 

For the past 30 years, CCTV and national government departments have jointly hosted and broadcast the 315 Gala on March 15. The TV show aims to protect consumer rights and pushes companies operate ethically. The theme of the 2021 show primarily focused on Internet security and privacy.

在过去的30年间，每年3月15日，央视和国家政府部门都会联合举办并播出3·15晚会，旨在维护消费者合法权益，推动企业道德经营。2021年的晚会聚焦互联网安全和隐私。

BMW and KOHLER were accused of violating customers' privacy. Cameras in their stores collect a large amount of facial recognition information with which these companies could track consumers' movements and consumption records, according to 315's report. Online recruitment services such as Zhaopin, are suspected of leaking applicants' resumes to buyers without user's allowance, placing applicants' privacy in danger. The show also reported that 360 Search and UC Search allow medical advertisers to run fake medical ads, duping a large number of elderly people.

宝马和科勒被诉侵犯消费者隐私。据报道，他们在商店内安装人脸识别摄像头，搜集海量人脸信息，以追踪消费者的活动和消费记录。智联招聘等线上招聘服务公司涉嫌未经用户同意，兜售用户简历，将求职者的隐私置于危险之中。360搜索、UC浏览器投放虚假医疗广告，欺骗了大批老年用户。

（英文来源：China Daily）

Vocabulary:

gala  庆典；盛会；演出；体育运动会，体育竞赛（尤指游泳）

shine a spotlight on  曝光

infraction /ɪnˈfrækʃn/  犯规; 违法

clenbuterol /klenˈbjuːtərɔːl/  克仑特罗；双氯醇胺；瘦肉精

tainted  污染的；感染的

facial recognition  人脸识别，面部识别，面孔识别

dupe /djuːp/  v. 诈骗；哄骗；欺骗 n. 上当受骗者

热词

04

延迟退休

China will raise retirement age

China will raise the statutory age for retirement in a gradual, flexible, and differentiated manner. So said a social security expert.

有社会保障专家表示，我国将渐进式、有弹性、有差别地实施延迟退休改革。

According to the Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035, China will take small steps to raise the retirement age. It will also implement its flexibility, tailor policies for different groups, consider all factors, and make overall plans.

“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要明确提出，按照“小步调整、弹性实施、分类推进、统筹兼顾”等原则，逐步延迟法定退休年龄。

Taking small steps means the country will raise the retirement age by a few months every year and finish the reform in several years. 

小步调整意味着延迟退休改革会逐渐在数年内实施到位，每年延迟几个月。

The reform also faces challenges such as promoting employment and entrepreneurship of older workers through more targeted means, and offering more social security subsidies to those who have difficulty finding jobs and helping them get reemployed

延迟退休改革也会带来一些新问题和新挑战，比如如何通过更有针对性的措施促进大龄劳动者就业创业，以及如何更大力度对就业困难人员给予社保补贴，帮助其再就业。

（英文来源：Xinhua）

Vocabulary：

statutory /ˈstætʃətri/  adj. 法定的；依法必须执行的

differentiate /ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt/  v.  区分；区别；辨别；表明…间的差别；构成…间差别的特征；（尤指不公正地）差别对待，区别对待

implement /ˈɪmplɪment/  v. 使生效；贯彻；执行；实施  n. 工具；器具；（常指）简单的户外用具

tailor /ˈteɪlə(r)/  n. （尤指为顾客个别定制男装的）裁缝  v. 专门制作；订做

overall  adj. 全面的；综合的；总体的；一般来说；大致上；总体上  adv. 全部；总计  n. 外套；罩衣；工装连衣裤；工装服

entrepreneurship /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːʃɪp/  n. 企业家（身份、行为）; 企业家精神

subsidy /ˈsʌbsədi/  n. 补贴；补助金；津贴

热词

05

义务教育质量评价指南

guide for compulsory education evaluation

Chinese authorities have issued a document to guide the evaluation of the country's compulsory education quality, in a bid to promote the well-rounded development of students, an education official announced on Thursday.

3月18日，教育部宣布印发《义务教育质量评价指南》，以促进学生全面发展。

The document, jointly issued by the Ministry of Education (MOE) and five other Party and governmental authorities, aims to get rid of the mania surrounding scores, enrollment rates, academic diplomas, papers and titles in the education sector.

《指南》由教育部等六部门联合印发，旨在摆脱目前教育界唯分数、唯升学率、唯学历、唯论文、唯职称的不良倾向。

The guide noted that county-level authorities should not take the student enrollment rate for a higher-level school as the only gauge by which to assess schools, headmasters and teachers, and they should not set rigid requirements in this regard.

评价指南提出，县域教育部门不应单纯以升学率评价学校、校长和教师，且不应给学校下达升学指标。

Additionally, not only academic scores but also study habits and innovation should be evaluated, so as to ensure compulsory education leads to well-rounded development and life-long benefits for students, it said.

评价指南要求，学生的学业发展评价不应局限于学业水平，而是更加突出学生的学习习惯、创新精神，为学生综合素质和终身发展奠基。

The document further required a better incentive system for school teachers. 

评价指南也要求完善现有的校内教师激励体系。

（英文来源：Xinhua）

Vocabulary：

compulsory education 义务教育

in a bid to 为了；力求；试图；以便

well-rounded  adj. 人格完满的；全面的

mania /ˈmeɪniə/  n. （通常指许多人共有的）强烈的欲望，狂热，极大的热情；躁狂症

enrollment rate 注册率；录取率；入学率

gauge /ɡeɪdʒ/  n. 量仪器（或仪表）；计量器；宽度；厚度；（枪管的）口径；（铁道的）轨距；（火车的）轮距；（用于估计或判断的）事实，依据，尺度，标准  v. 判定，判断（尤指人的感情或态度）; （用仪器）测量；估计；估算

incentive  /ɪnˈsentɪv/  n. 激励；刺激；鼓励

词汇释义来源：牛津词典、柯林斯词典等